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Equally important, targets tend to carry less armor on the underside.Īll this would seem to take us back to the problem of pulling lead. From any AOT the profile of the target is much larger, especially the wing profile. The pilot is far better off to attack from an angle off the tail (AOT) of 15 to 20 degrees, whether horizontally or vertically. With hit bubbles going the way of the Dodo, the hardest hit to get is one with zero deflection. Lead Angle and Turning Out of PlaneWe mentioned above that in IL-2 a straight tracking shot is not a great solution. We’ll use this knowledge to establish appropriate lead angle when firing. The center circle measures roughly forty feet at 200 meters. You should not open fire until the target fills the center circle of the gunsight. Now let’s go back to the original image, where the Bf 109 at 210 meters barely fills the circle in the middle of the gunsight. At 100 meters it looks VERY large, occupying one and a half gunsights. We’ll use this knowledge not only for estimating range, but also for estimating lead angles.Įven a fairly small bomber has a wingspan double that of the average fighter. Since the G model of the Bf 109 has a wingspan of 30 feet, we now know that the gunsight in the Bf 109 represents a span of forty feet at 100 meters.
#IL 2 STURMOVIK 1946 GUN SIGHT DARK PLUS#
Notice that the wingspan of the target at this range occupies all the left side of the gunsight plus half the right side, or three quarters of the total gunsight in the Bf 109. In this second image you can see that the distance to the target is half that of the first image, being only 100 meters. We’ll use the gunsight in the Bf 109 for all measures from here on. The other way to determine the range to the target is to measure the target against the gun sight. If you fly with icons on for twenty hours or more, when you turn them off you will have a very good idea of the range at which you are engaging. Furthermore, they allow the player to become familiar with estimating range based on target size. This way you can always tell your exact range to the target. An icon appears near your target that lists the target type and range.
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The easiest way to determine the range to the target is to select icons ON in the game setup. Furthermore, the clarity of graphics will make it easier for you to determine your range to a given target at any time. This raises two further questions: at what range will a given projectile have the greatest effect, and how do I know when my target is within a certain range?įinding the Range to the TargetWe’ll use IL-2 as our simulation of choice for demonstrating the concepts we will discuss here, because IL-2 has the most realistic model of air-to-air gunnery yet seen on the PC. Remember that as you close on the target beyond the convergence point the dispersion pattern of your shells will increase. Once you have set the convergence on your guns, you should engage when the target is within 20 meters of your preferred setting. Since the novice tends to fire early rather than late, it is best to start with a slightly long convergence setting rather than a short one. The point to remember is that convergence should be set to the range where you prefer to engage your target. The novice should start about 220 meters and then work downwards from this base to find the greatest success. Most pilots select a convergence of around 200 meters, but some prefer even less. Obviously, many forces will affect the flight of a given shell, so it is to the advantage of the shooter to minimize dispersion and concentrate fire power.
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The idea is to concentrate a bullet stream on the target at a given distance. Most commonly, guns that are set for air-to-air combat are set at 300m convergence and shorter, while guns that are set for air-to-ground combat are set at 400m and beyond. In order to accomplish this, the guns are canted toward the center line of the aircraft and tilted slightly upwards. The default setting in IL-2 is 300 meters, which means that shells fired from the cannon or machine guns on the FW 190 will meet roughly at a point in space 300 meters ahead of the aircraft. While many understand this, not all understand that convergence is set in both the vertical and horizontal planes, correcting for gravity.įurthermore, convergence settings can be made individually for both cannon and machine guns. What is convergence and why is it important?Ĭonvergence is the point at which shells fired from guns along a parallel axis meet at that distance in space. When novice pilots first loaded up IL-2 Sturmovik they were surprised to see that they could choose the convergence settings for machine guns and cannon, depending on the type of aircraft they would fly.